1. 本(ben)系列(lie)(lie)熱(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)器，熱(re)媒既可單為(wei)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)或高(gao)溫(wen)、低溫(wen)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)，亦可交(jiao)替使用(yong)(yong)(yong)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)或高(gao)、低溫(wen)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)，設(she)計選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時請注(zhu)明(ming)熱(re)媒品(pin)種。2. 本(ben)系列(lie)(lie)熱(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)器必須(xu)設(she)置安(an)全(quan)裝(zhuang)置。下列(lie)(lie)三(san)種可任選(xuan)其一(yi)：(1) 熱(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)器頂部設(she)置安(an)全(quan)閥，安(an)全(quan)閥的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)和安(an)裝(zhuang)應符合勞動部頒發的(de)(de)《壓(ya)力容器安(an)全(quan)技術監(jian)察規程》的(de)(de)規定。(2) 頂部裝(zhuang)設(she)接通大氣的(de)(de)引出管(guan)（在有(you)條件的(de)(de)場合）。(3)裝(zhuang)設(she)膨脹水(shui)(shui)箱。3. 本(ben)系列(lie)(lie)熱(re)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)器的(de)(de)支(zhi)座(zuo)按標(biao)準選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，三(san)個支(zhi)座(zuo)中，一(yi)個固定支(zhi)座(zuo)，兩個為(wei)活動支(zhi)座(zuo)。活動支(zhi)座(zuo)的(de)(de)地腳螺栓采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)雙螺母(mu)，第一(yi)個螺母(mu)在加(jia)一(yi)小(xiao)墊(dian)片擰緊后倒退一(yi)圈，然后用(yong)(yong)(yong)第二個螺母(mu)鎖(suo)緊，以便支(zhi)座(zuo)能在基礎上自(zi)由滑動。4. 在使用(yong)(yong)(yong)中，應根據被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質與使用(yong)(yong)(yong)情況定期清(qing)理水(shui)(shui)垢，當被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)硬度(du)較(jiao)高(gao)時，宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)適宜的(de)(de)軟化(hua)措施(shi)

換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)是(shi)一(yi)種比較(jiao)(jiao)常見的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)業設備，能夠將(jiang)熱流體設備的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分熱量(liang)傳送(song)到溫度相對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)設備中。根(gen)據不(bu)(bu)同標準分類，可以(yi)將(jiang)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)分成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)同類別(bie)，不(bu)(bu)同類別(bie)的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)之間(jian)是(shi)存(cun)在差異的(de)(de)(de)，有各自的(de)(de)(de)優缺點(dian)，適用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)場合(he)也不(bu)(bu)盡相同。以(yi)下就是(shi)關于不(bu)(bu)同換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)優缺點(dian)的(de)(de)(de)總結(jie)。不(bu)(bu)同換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)和缺點(dian)被加熱水(shui)通過罐(guan)體阻(zu)力損失小(xiao)。結(jie)構簡單、管理方(fang)便，可承受水(shui)壓，噪音(yin)低(di)。換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱面(mian)積(ji)大(da)，換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱量(liang)高(gao)(gao)。供水(shui)水(shui)壓、水(shui)溫穩定、安全、節水(shui)、用(yong)(yong)水(shui)舒適。使用(yong)(yong)壽命長。缺點(dian)：外(wai)形體積(ji)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)、換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱效率(lv)相對(dui)(dui)較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)。殼(ke)程清洗(xi)不(bu)(bu)方(fang)便。殼(ke)體與管子之間(jian)無溫差補償(chang)元件時會(hui)產(chan)生較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)溫差應力， 即溫差較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)是(shi)需要采用(yong)(yong)膨脹節或波紋管等(deng)補償(chang)元件減小(xiao)溫差應力。板式換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)優點(dian)：傳熱效率(lv)高(gao)(gao)，對(dui)(dui)數溫差大(da)，重量(liang)輕、占地面(mian)積(ji)小(xiao)，清洗(xi)方(fang)便，而且容易(yi)改變換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan) 熱面(mian)積(ji)或流程組合(he)，適用(yong)(yong)于多重介質換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱。

隨著(zhu)社會不(bu)斷的(de)進展，容(rong)積式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)逐漸走(zou)進我(wo)們的(de)生活，它(ta)(ta)是不(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)以(yi)進行熱(re)(re)(re)量交(jiao)換(huan)，而且使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)年限較(jiao)長，通(tong)(tong)常適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于工業及民用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)建筑的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)水供應系統，關于它(ta)(ta)的(de)知(zhi)(zhi)識還有哪些是我(wo)們不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)道的(de)呢？下(xia)面就和小(xiao)編一(yi)(yi)起看看吧。以(yi)下(xia)關于“容(rong)積式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)發生問題的(de)原因及其產(chan)(chan)品知(zhi)(zhi)識的(de)相關說明”的(de)介紹。一(yi)(yi)、產(chan)(chan)品簡介：與傳統固定(ding)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)相比較(jiao)，浮(fu)動(dong)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)能上(shang)下(xia)輕(qing)微浮(fu)動(dong)，產(chan)(chan)生高頻振動(dong)，形成(cheng)良好紊流(liu)傳熱(re)(re)(re)狀態(tai)，并且它(ta)(ta)能借助通(tong)(tong)過高溫熱(re)(re)(re)媒的(de)薄壁(bi)銅管(guan)(guan)管(guan)(guan)壁(bi)與管(guan)(guan)外壁(bi)結(jie)(jie)垢層膨(peng)脹(zhang)量的(de)差(cha)異，在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)條件下(xia)，使水垢自(zi)動(dong)脫(tuo)落。通(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)般需(xu)要配(pei)置水水熱(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)來降低蒸汽(qi)凝結(jie)(jie)水溫度以(yi)便(bian)回用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，而此類節(jie)能型熱(re)(re)(re)交(jiao)換(huan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)凝結(jie)(jie)水出水溫度在45攝適(shi)度左右，可(ke)直(zhi)接回鍋爐(lu)房重(zhong)復使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。

在檢修維護換熱器汽包時發現汽包封頭泄漏，在汽包封頭的閥蓋角焊縫處出現裂紋，裂紋平行于焊縫。采用宏觀形貌分析、化學成分分析、金相檢驗、顯微硬度測定、能譜分析以及應力分析等方法對泄漏處進行了分析。結果表明，汽包中水質含有較高濃度的堿性元素和氯、硫、氧等強腐蝕性元素，最好換熱機組哪家好又在焊接殘余應力的作用下發生應力腐蝕開裂，最后導致汽包封頭產生泄漏。應力腐蝕；沿晶；堿脆；軋制帶狀組織某化工廠換熱器汽包于1996年投入使用，于2005年上半年維護檢修時發現滲漏。東北換熱機組經去除外(wai)(wai)面保溫材料后，發現(xian)汽包(bao)封頭(tou)(tou)(tou)的蓋板角(jiao)焊(han)縫位置出現(xian)裂(lie)紋，裂(lie)紋為(wei)穿透型，起源于汽包(bao)封頭(tou)(tou)(tou)內表面，換熱器外(wai)(wai)形尺寸(cun)為(wei)1632mm9423mm，汽包(bao)封頭(tou)(tou)(tou)外(wai)(wai)形尺寸(cun)1632mm400mm，汽包(bao)封頭(tou)(tou)(tou)材料為(wei)16MnR鋼。

容(rong)積式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器利用(yong)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵出口處止回閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)和電(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，當用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)運行時(shi)(shi)(shi)，即用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵啟動時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)通電(dian)，當用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)超過定(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(確(que)保用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)倒(dao)空)后，電(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)自(zi)動開啟，用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)回水(shui)經閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)定(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)為用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的定(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)，并容(rong)積式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)至(zhi)和熱(re)網回水(shui)管壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)相同；當用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)容(rong)積式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)泵停(ting)止運行時(shi)(shi)(shi)，電(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)前閥(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)斷電(dian)自(zi)動關閉，這樣用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)的水(shui)就(jiu)被密閉起來，如果(guo)不(bu)漏水(shui)，可保證用(yong)容(rong)積式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)在(zai)較長(chang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間維持在(zai)定(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)左(zuo)右。也(ye)就(jiu)是(shi)說，不(bu)論增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)冪運行還是(shi)不(bu)運行，用(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)締內(nei)的壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)都町堆持在(zai)倧壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)范(fan)圍內(nei)。