管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)把換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)連接后，再用筒體(ti)(ti)(ti)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱包起來，形成兩個(ge)獨(du)立(li)的空間(jian)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內的通(tong)道(dao)及與(yu)其相貫通(tong)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱稱(cheng)為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)；管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外的通(tong)道(dao)及與(yu)其相貫通(tong)的部(bu)(bu)分稱(cheng)為殼(ke)(ke)程(cheng)。一種流(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內流(liu)動，而另一種流(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)殼(ke)(ke)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)之間(jian)從管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外表面流(liu)過(guo)，為了保(bao)證殼(ke)(ke)程(cheng)流(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)能夠(gou)橫向流(liu)過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)，以(yi)形成較高的傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)速率，在(zai)外殼(ke)(ke)上裝有許多(duo)擋板(ban)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)腐蝕(shi)(shi)和(he)磨蝕(shi)(shi)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的主要(yao)原因管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)使用的過(guo)程(cheng)中可能會(hui)發生失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的情況(kuang)，常見(jian)的失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的情況(kuang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)腐蝕(shi)(shi)和(he)磨蝕(shi)(shi)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)、傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)能力下降、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)泄(xie)漏.以(yi)下是(shi)關于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)官術失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的具體(ti)(ti)(ti)介紹。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)出現管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的情況(kuang)有哪些?管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)大(da)多(duo)數(shu)是(shi)由腐蝕(shi)(shi)引起的。最(zui)常見(jian)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)腐蝕(shi)(shi)部(bu)(bu)位是(shi)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),然后依次是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)、換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)封頭 及小直徑的接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

封(feng)閉(bi)(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻塔(ta)和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)同(tong)屬(shu)于水換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)冷(leng)卻裝置(zhi)，有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)本質(zhi)的(de)區別。閉(bi)(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻塔(ta)除(chu)了熱(re)(re)交換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)的(de)過(guo)程(cheng)，可以直接蒸發(fa)吸熱(re)(re)，將(jiang)熱(re)(re)量排(pai)(pai)走，而(er)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)只能換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)，使(shi)用過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)還(huan)需要另(ling)外的(de)設備進(jin)行(xing)排(pai)(pai)熱(re)(re)。今(jin)天(tian)小衛給大家詳細介紹一下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和閉(bi)(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻塔(ta)有(you)著(zhu)(zhu)哪些(xie)不同(tong)之處，在(zai)現(xian)實使(shi)用過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)閉(bi)(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻塔(ta)替代管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)已(yi)成趨一、封(feng)閉(bi)(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻塔(ta)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)概念及結構(gou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（shell and tube heat exchanger）又稱列管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。是以封(feng)閉(bi)(bi)在(zai)殼(ke)體中(zhong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)的(de)壁(bi)面作(zuo)為(wei)傳熱(re)(re)面的(de)間(jian)壁(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。這種換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)結構(gou)較簡單(dan)，操(cao)作(zuo) ，可用各(ge)種結構(gou)材料（主要是金屬(shu)材料）制(zhi)造，能在(zai)高管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)由殼(ke)體、傳熱(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)、折(zhe)流(liu)板(ban)（擋板(ban)）和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)等部件組成。殼(ke)體多為(wei)圓(yuan)筒形，內部裝有(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)兩端固定在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)上。

容積式(shi)和半(ban)容積式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)就差在(zai):半(ban)容式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管束帶(dai)筒體(ti),而容積式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不帶(dai).容積式(shi)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)交換(huan)器(qi)(qi)優點1、傳熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系數高 彈(dan)性(xing)管束管是(shi)用高導熱(re)(re)(re)(re)系數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)紫(zi)銅(tong)制成高效傳熱(re)(re)(re)(re)元件，加(jia)(jia)上(shang)合理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)部(bu)結(jie)構，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高了換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能。、不易結(jie)垢 由于換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管多(duo)采用紫(zi)銅(tong)，而且(qie)易形成湍流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流體(ti)對換(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管壁面有(you)較(jiao)強(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖刷作用，加(jia)(jia)上(shang)彈(dan)性(xing)管束本身(shen)有(you)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)補償能力，通過熱(re)(re)(re)(re)脹冷縮(suo)有(you)自(zi)潔作用，因此(ci)不易結(jie)垢。 3、無冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)區，容積利用率(lv)高 加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)罐(guan)底部(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)，在(zai)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)低于額定供水(shui)(shui)(shui)能力時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，逐步將罐(guan)內(nei)冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)全部(bu)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)無冷水(shui)(shui)(shui)區，以(yi)維(wei)持熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最大(da)儲(chu)備(bei)量(liang)。當用水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)大(da)于額定供水(shui)(shui)(shui)能力時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，罐(guan)內(nei)儲(chu)存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)和即(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)同(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)向(xiang)外供以(yi)度(du)過用水(shui)(shui)(shui)高峰(feng)。當因事故或其他原因停(ting)供熱(re)(re)(re)(re)媒時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，能最大(da)限度(du)地(di)供應(ying)所出貯(zhu)存(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。

在實際應用工況下，優質熱交換器哪家好想要選擇一臺換熱器使它滿足理論情況下換熱器選型所具備的所有要求幾乎是不可能的。一般情況下，我們在幫換熱器選型時，在滿足生產工藝條件的前提下，僅考慮一個或幾個相對重要的因素就可以了。所謂重要影響因素具有不確定性，是相對而言的，通常是由設置換熱器的目的來確定的。換熱器應容易維護。這就要求換熱器容易清理，對于易腐蝕、強震動等破壞的原件應易于更換，換熱器應滿足工程實際場地的要求。選用換熱器時應根據場地的限制考慮換熱器的直徑、長度、重量和換熱管結構等。換熱器應盡可能的經濟。蕭山熱交換器哪家好選用(yong)時應綜合考慮換(huan)熱(re)(re)器的(de)制造成(cheng)本、安裝費用(yong)、維護費用(yong)等，應使換(huan)熱(re)(re)器盡可能的(de)經濟。

在(zai)檢修維護換熱(re)器(qi)(qi)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)時發(fa)現(xian)(xian)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)泄漏(lou)，在(zai)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)閥蓋(gai)(gai)角焊縫處(chu)出現(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)紋，裂(lie)(lie)(lie)紋平(ping)行于焊縫。采用宏(hong)觀形(xing)貌分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)、化(hua)學成分(fen)(fen)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)、金相檢驗、顯(xian)微硬(ying)度測(ce)定、能譜分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)以(yi)及應(ying)(ying)力分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)等方法(fa)對(dui)泄漏(lou)處(chu)進(jin)行了分(fen)(fen)析(xi)(xi)。結果表明，汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)中水質(zhi)含(han)有較高濃(nong)度的(de)堿性(xing)元(yuan)素和氯、硫、氧等強(qiang)腐蝕性(xing)元(yuan)素，又在(zai)焊接殘(can)余(yu)應(ying)(ying)力的(de)作用下發(fa)生(sheng)應(ying)(ying)力腐蝕開裂(lie)(lie)(lie)，最后(hou)(hou)導致(zhi)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)產(chan)生(sheng)泄漏(lou)。應(ying)(ying)力腐蝕；沿(yan)晶(jing)；堿脆(cui)；軋制帶狀組(zu)織某化(hua)工(gong)廠換熱(re)器(qi)(qi)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)于1996年投入使用，于2005年上半(ban)年維護檢修時發(fa)現(xian)(xian)滲(shen)漏(lou)。經去(qu)除(chu)外面保溫材料(liao)(liao)后(hou)(hou)，發(fa)現(xian)(xian)汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)蓋(gai)(gai)板角焊縫位置(zhi)出現(xian)(xian)裂(lie)(lie)(lie)紋，裂(lie)(lie)(lie)紋為(wei)穿透型，起源(yuan)于汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)內表面，換熱(re)器(qi)(qi)外形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)為(wei)1632mm9423mm，汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)外形(xing)尺(chi)寸(cun)1632mm400mm，汽(qi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)封(feng)(feng)頭(tou)(tou)材料(liao)(liao)為(wei)16MnR鋼。