封閉式冷卻塔和管殼式換熱器同屬于水換熱冷卻裝置，有著本質的區別。閉式冷卻塔除了熱交換的過程，可以直接蒸發吸熱，容積式換熱器將熱量排走，而管殼式換熱器只能換熱，使用過程中還需要另外的設備進行排熱。容積式換熱器廠家今天(tian)小衛給大家詳(xiang)細介紹一下管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)和閉(bi)式(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻(que)塔(ta)有(you)著哪(na)些不同之處(chu)，在現實(shi)使用(yong)過程中閉(bi)式(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻(que)塔(ta)替代管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)已成趨(qu)一、封(feng)閉(bi)式(shi)(shi)冷(leng)卻(que)塔(ta)管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)概念(nian)及結(jie)構管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)（shell and tube heat exchanger）又稱列(lie)管(guan)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)。是(shi)(shi)以封(feng)閉(bi)在殼體(ti)中管(guan)束(shu)的(de)壁(bi)面(mian)作為傳熱(re)(re)(re)(re)面(mian)的(de)間壁(bi)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)。這種(zhong)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)結(jie)構較(jiao)簡單，操作 ，可用(yong)各種(zhong)結(jie)構材(cai)料(liao)(liao)（主要是(shi)(shi)金屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)）制造，能在高管(guan)殼式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)由殼體(ti)、傳熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)束(shu)、管(guan)板(ban)、折流(liu)板(ban)（擋(dang)板(ban)）和管(guan)箱等(deng)部(bu)件組成。殼體(ti)多(duo)為圓(yuan)筒形，內(nei)部(bu)裝有(you)管(guan)束(shu)，管(guan)束(shu)兩端固定(ding)在管(guan)板(ban)上。

1、挖孔(kong)：在(zai)(zai)確定了(le)內漏(lou)點(dian)的(de)位置(zhi)后,從(cong)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)外(wai)層(ceng)對(dui)應(ying)著漏(lou)點(dian)的(de)地方,開始割(ge)(ge)孔(kong),順序是由(you)外(wai)向里,一(yi)直割(ge)(ge)到有內漏(lou)點(dian)的(de)那一(yi)層(ceng)為止。割(ge)(ge)出(chu)(chu)的(de)孔(kong)應(ying)為橢(tuo)圓形,且(qie)尺(chi)寸的(de)大小是外(wai)層(ceng)大,向里逐漸小,一(yi)般每層(ceng)板(ban)上孔(kong)的(de)大小相(xiang)差40mm,如漏(lou)點(dian)位置(zhi)較深(shen),在(zai)(zai)外(wai)層(ceng)割(ge)(ge)出(chu)(chu)的(de)孔(kong)應(ying)較大。換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內漏(lou)處的(de)3種(zhong)處理(li)(li)辦法(fa)2、清(qing)(qing)渣(zha)：在(zai)(zai)割(ge)(ge)完(wan)孔(kong)后,應(ying)對(dui)留在(zai)(zai)每層(ceng)板(ban)上的(de)氧化(hua)渣(zha)認真進行清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li),這是在(zai)(zai)對(dui)焊回(hui)(hui)補板(ban)時,回(hui)(hui)補板(ban)與每層(ceng)螺(luo)(luo)旋板(ban)能否貼緊焊牢(lao)的(de)關鍵,可用(yong)鏨子(zi)和(he)修(xiu)(xiu)整模具(ju)用(yong)的(de)小手(shou)砂輪(lun)清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li)氧化(hua)渣(zha),注意(yi)應(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)將(jiang)清(qing)(qing)理(li)(li)的(de)渣(zha)子(zi)清(qing)(qing)出(chu)(chu),不(bu)讓其掉(diao)進換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內。換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內漏(lou)處的(de)3種(zhong)處理(li)(li)辦法(fa)3、配回(hui)(hui)補板(ban)：換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內漏(lou)處的(de)3種(zhong)處理(li)(li)辦法(fa)為保(bao)證(zheng)修(xiu)(xiu)理(li)(li)的(de)質量(liang)(liang),從(cong)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上每層(ceng)割(ge)(ge)下來的(de)板(ban)料,不(bu)再使用(yong),【主詞】重新配回(hui)(hui)補板(ban),另配的(de)回(hui)(hui)補板(ban)要用(yong)與換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)螺(luo)(luo)旋板(ban)相(xiang)同的(de)材料和(he)板(ban)厚,其周邊應(ying)比換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)上每層(ceng)割(ge)(ge)出(chu)(chu)的(de)孔(kong)分別大15mm-20mm,且(qie)也為橢(tuo)圓形,并做成和(he)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)每層(ceng)螺(luo)(luo)旋板(ban)弧(hu)度相(xiang)一(yi)致的(de)弧(hu)形。

管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)和列(lie)(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)區別，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)和列(lie)(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)在(zai)(zai)物理構造上(shang)一(yi)模一(yi)樣(yang),不(bu)過(guo)這倆種(zhong)(zhong)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用方式(shi)不(bu)一(yi)樣(yang)列(lie)(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)介質是經過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)里面(mian)),冷介質通過(guo)殼(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和殼(ke)(ke)體之(zhi)間(jian)),管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)恰恰和他(ta)相(xiang)反。另(ling)外列(lie)(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)結構比較簡(jian)單緊密、制(zhi)作資(zi)金少，但是換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)刻意進(jin)行機械清洗。這種(zhong)(zhong)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)器(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束固(gu)定(ding)在(zai)(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)端(duan)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板又分別固(gu)定(ding)在(zai)(zai)外殼(ke)(ke)兩側，而且(qie)上(shang)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接有頂蓋，頂蓋和殼(ke)(ke)體上(shang)裝著介質進(jin)出口。大(da)部(bu)分列(lie)(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)都(dou)會在(zai)(zai)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外面(mian)設(she)置上(shang)很(hen)多和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束吹制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)擋板。還有就是它的(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板包(bao)括和外殼(ke)(ke)的(de)(de)(de)都(dou)是剛性(xing)連(lian)接，而且(qie)因為換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內和換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外是兩種(zhong)(zhong)溫度差別很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)介質。

管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)是把換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板連接后，再用(yong)筒體與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)包起(qi)來，形成(cheng)兩個獨(du)立的(de)(de)空間。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內的(de)(de)通(tong)道及(ji)與(yu)其相貫通(tong)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程；管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外的(de)(de)通(tong)道及(ji)與(yu)其相貫通(tong)的(de)(de)部分稱為殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程。一種(zhong)流體在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內流動(dong)，而另(ling)一種(zhong)流體在(zai)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)之間從管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外表面流過(guo)，為了(le)保證殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)程流體能(neng)(neng)夠橫(heng)向流過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)，以形成(cheng)較高的(de)(de)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)速率，在(zai)外殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)上裝有許多(duo)擋板。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)和(he)磨蝕(shi)失效的(de)(de)主要(yao)原因管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)在(zai)使用(yong)的(de)(de)過(guo)程中可能(neng)(neng)會發生失效的(de)(de)情況，常(chang)見的(de)(de)失效是管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)失效的(de)(de)情況管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)和(he)磨蝕(shi)失效、傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)力下(xia)降、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)泄漏.以下(xia)是關于管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)官術失效的(de)(de)具體介紹。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)出現管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)(shu)失效的(de)(de)情況有哪些(xie)?管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)失效大多(duo)數是由腐(fu)蝕(shi)引(yin)起(qi)的(de)(de)。最常(chang)見的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)部位是換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),然后依次是管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板、換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)封頭 及(ji)小直徑的(de)(de)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

回(hui)用(yong)(yong)性能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)驗和(he)檢(jian)測。在(zai)懷疑有銹蝕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)下對換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)及管道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)壁(bi)厚進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha);清(qing)除(chu)老(lao)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)件，根(gen)據不同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污垢，采用(yong)(yong)酸(suan)堿進(jin)(jin)行(xing)化(hua)學(xue)清(qing)洗，被清(qing)洗零部件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表面不會(hui)受(shou)到(dao)化(hua)學(xue)介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)侵害(hai);還要著重(zhong)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)密(mi)封(feng)槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，必要時(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)修(xiu)整(zheng);五是對于(yu)粘(zhan)接(jie)(jie)式密(mi)封(feng)墊(dian)(dian)，將徹底清(qing)除(chu)殘留的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物質(zhi)(zhi)，使用(yong)(yong)調和(he)式粘(zhan)接(jie)(jie)膠重(zhong)新粘(zhan)接(jie)(jie)，重(zhong)新組(zu)合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)片(pian)(pian)組(zu)在(zai)專用(yong)(yong)夾具中夾緊(jin)，使粘(zhan)接(jie)(jie)劑固化(hua)，在(zai)保溫(wen)爐中加熱(re)保溫(wen)，以(yi)達到(dao)粘(zhan)接(jie)(jie)效(xiao)果。如果沒有備(bei)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)墊(dian)(dian)，必須從整(zheng)個板(ban)式換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)組(zu)中取下受(shou)損密(mi)封(feng)墊(dian)(dian)兩側(ce)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)熱(re)片(pian)(pian)，然后對剩(sheng)余(yu)散(san)熱(re)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)墊(dian)(dian)結合面進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢(jian)查(cha)(cha)。必須嚴格按照(zhao)使用(yong)(yong)說明書中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求安(an)裝剩(sheng)余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)片(pian)(pian)，為了保證剩(sheng)余(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)有足夠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應力以(yi)抵抗負載，必須將原(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)各片(pian)(pian)允許承受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應力乘(cheng)以(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)片(pian)(pian)數(shu)，所得的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積(ji)再除(chu)以(yi)當前剩(sheng)余(yu)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)片(pian)(pian)數(shu)，得到(dao)現在(zai)每個換(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)片(pian)(pian)必須承受(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)裝應力數(shu)值。

容(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵出口處止回閥(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)電磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)，當(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)運(yun)行時(shi)，即用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵啟動(dong)(dong)時(shi)，電磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)通(tong)電，當(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)超過定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)(確保用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)不(bu)倒空(kong))后，電磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)自動(dong)(dong)開啟，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)回水(shui)(shui)經閥(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)，并容(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)至和(he)熱(re)網回水(shui)(shui)管(guan)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)相同(tong)；當(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)容(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)泵停(ting)止運(yun)行時(shi)，電磁(ci)(ci)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)前(qian)(qian)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)斷電自動(dong)(dong)關閉(bi)，這樣用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)的(de)水(shui)(shui)就被(bei)密閉(bi)起來，如果不(bu)漏水(shui)(shui)，可保證用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)容(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)內(nei)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)在較(jiao)長時(shi)間維持(chi)在定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)左右。也(ye)就是說，不(bu)論(lun)增壓(ya)(ya)(ya)冪運(yun)行還是不(bu)運(yun)行，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)系(xi)締內(nei)的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)都町堆持(chi)在倧(zong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)范圍內(nei)。