管(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)又稱列管(guan)(guan)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。是(shi)以封閉在殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)體中管(guan)(guan)束(shu)的(de)壁(bi)面(mian)作(zuo)為傳熱(re)(re)面(mian)的(de)間(jian)壁(bi)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。這種換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)結構(gou)(gou)較簡(jian)單，操作(zuo)可(ke)靠，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)各種結構(gou)(gou)材料(liao)制造，能在高溫(wen)、高壓下使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，是(shi)目前(qian)應用(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)的(de)類型。在使(shi)用(yong)(yong)一(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)之后對管(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)清洗非常(chang)的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要，一(yi)般由于工業上使(shi)用(yong)(yong)長(chang)久管(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)里面(mian)的(de)管(guan)(guan)道會(hui)出現各種灰塵和(he)沉淀物(wu)的(de)粘黏(nian)，導致(zhi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)下降，變(bian)相提高生產成(cheng)本，嚴重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還會(hui)導致(zhi)管(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)，造成(cheng)損失。清洗有(you)利于提高換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv):管(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)或管(guan)(guan)道運行一(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)后，表面(mian)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)會(hui)結一(yi)層(ceng)污(wu)(wu)垢，污(wu)(wu)垢一(yi)般較為致(zhi)密堅硬，熱(re)(re)導率(lv)(lv)很小。污(wu)(wu)垢的(de)阻礙效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)(lv)大得驚人，里面(mian)的(de)有(you)機(ji)離子、灰塵若無重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)視可(ke)能導致(zhi)不可(ke)避免的(de)其他問題(ti)的(de)產生。

內置多組浮動(dong)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)，獨一無(wu)二的(de)”寶塔(ta)型(xing)(xing)”結構(gou),動(dong)態(tai)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)，換熱(re)(re)(re)效(xiao)率(lv)極高，相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)容(rong)(rong)積(ji)的(de)該產品的(de)換熱(re)(re)(re)量(liang)分(fen)別相(xiang)(xiang)當于傳(chuan)統容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)6～9倍。 其(qi)中半容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)的(de)”寶塔(ta)型(xing)(xing)”結構(gou)特點，使得貯(zhu)(zhu)水(shui)(shui)部(bu)分(fen)貯(zhu)(zhu)有(you)15～30分(fen)鐘的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)，被(bei)加熱(re)(re)(re)的(de)水(shui)(shui)頭損失(shi)≤0.25米，因此(ci)它(ta)在(zai)(zai)設(she)置一般自動(dong)溫控閥的(de)條件下，仍保(bao)持(chi)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)壓、水(shui)(shui)溫平穩、安全、節(jie)水(shui)(shui)、用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)舒適之特點。浮動(dong)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)式(shi)換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)什(shen)么中置型(xing)(xing)浮動(dong)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)型(xing)(xing)容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)可以(yi)提高容(rong)(rong)積(ji)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)。浮動(dong)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)型(xing)(xing)換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)換熱(re)(re)(re)盤(pan)管(guan)(guan)距(ju)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)底(di)可以(yi)近到100mm左右(you)。其(qi)冷(leng)水(shui)(shui)區就很小，有(you)效(xiao)貯(zhu)(zhu)熱(re)(re)(re)容(rong)(rong)積(ji)可達99%左右(you)，大大提高了換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)的(de)容(rong)(rong)積(ji)利用(yong)(yong)率(lv)。本產品在(zai)(zai)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)極小或不可用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)時可借助熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)(guan)網上(shang)循環泵的(de)工作，維持(chi)罐內水(shui)(shui)溫，使換熱(re)(re)(re)部(bu)分(fen)換熱(re)(re)(re)時總處于被(bei)加熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)流動(dong)狀態(tai)，使換熱(re)(re)(re)充分(fen)、節(jie)能(neng)。無(wu)論使用(yong)(yong)頻繁與(yu)否，均保(bao)量(liang)恒溫供(gong)水(shui)(shui)。

管(guan)殼式(shi)換熱(re)(re)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)石油化工(gong)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)設(she)備，它的(de)(de)(de)(de)腐蝕及(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)對(dui)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)長周期(qi)運行(xing)有(you)著重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)意義；由于近年來(lai)加工(gong)原油中的(de)(de)(de)(de)硫、酸(suan)及(ji)雜質含量越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)高(gao)，對(dui)煉油換熱(re)(re)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)腐蝕性(xing)能(neng)及(ji)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇提出了(le)(le)更(geng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。文(wen)章對(dui)采用專(zhuan)用涂(tu)料與犧牲陽極綜(zong)合(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法進行(xing)了(le)(le)闡述，該方法工(gong)藝方案和(he)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)：管(guan)殼式(shi)換熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝方案和(he)特點(dian)是(shi)(shi)什么(me)表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)理要(yao)徹底(di)，合(he)(he)理選(xuan)取保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)電流密度，按設(she)計要(yao)求確定陽極塊，控(kong)制(zhi)好濕(shi)度和(he)溫度，涂(tu)料施工(gong)嚴格(ge)按照SHY－99涂(tu)料工(gong)藝進行(xing)，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)綜(zong)合(he)(he)防(fang)護(hu)(hu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果。目(mu)前國(guo)內石油、化纖、冶金、發(fa)電等企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷換器(qi)設(she)備經常由于水(shui)垢、腐蝕產物和(he)腐蝕物黏泥造成冷換器(qi)堵塞，致傳熱(re)(re)系(xi)數下降，是(shi)(shi)冷卻水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)中常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。由于碳酸(suan)鹽垢的(de)(de)(de)(de)導熱(re)(re)系(xi)數只(zhi)有(you)碳鋼的(de)(de)(de)(de)1%左(zuo)右，直接影(ying)響到了(le)(le)換熱(re)(re)效(xiao)率，增加了(le)(le)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力降。

　換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器是一種比較(jiao)常見的(de)(de)工業設(she)(she)備，能夠將熱流體設(she)(she)備的(de)(de)一部(bu)分熱量傳(chuan)送(song)到(dao)溫度相對較(jiao)低的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備中。根據(ju)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)標準(zhun)分類(lei)，可以將換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器分成不(bu)(bu)同(tong)類(lei)別(bie)，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)類(lei)別(bie)的(de)(de)換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器之(zhi)間是存在差異的(de)(de)，有各(ge)自的(de)(de)優缺點，適用的(de)(de)場合也不(bu)(bu)盡相同(tong)。1、在運轉換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱設(she)(she)備前要先檢查全部(bu)接(jie)收能否曾經擰緊，定奪系(xi)統參數不(bu)(bu)會超越制造(zao)標簽上(shang)容(rong)許的(de)(de)工作(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)力和溫度值。2、在啟動泵(beng)之(zhi)前，應(ying)該(gai)(gai)先把容(rong)積(ji)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器的(de)(de)全部(bu)閥(fa)門和放氣閥(fa)都(dou)翻開(kai)(kai)，封閉換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器的(de)(de)進口(kou)(kou)閥(fa)。3、啟動泵(beng)后(hou)，慢(man)(man)慢(man)(man)翻開(kai)(kai)泵(beng)的(de)(de)出口(kou)(kou)閥(fa)，使壓(ya)(ya)力慢(man)(man)慢(man)(man)上(shang)升，為防止單側(ce)超壓(ya)(ya)，進容(rong)積(ji)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器的(de)(de)兩種介質的(de)(de)進口(kou)(kou)閥(fa)應(ying)該(gai)(gai)同(tong)時翻開(kai)(kai)，或(huo)先遲緩(huan)地注入(ru)低壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)介質，再遲緩(huan)注入(ru)高壓(ya)(ya)測介質。

寬流道板式換熱器在石油化工行業中的應用是十分廣泛的，其重要性也是顯而宜見的，換熱設備利用率的高低直接影響到煉油工藝的效率以及成本的費用問題。諸暨熱交換器價格據統計換熱器在化工建設中約占投資的1/5。因此，換熱器的利用率及壽命是值得研究的重要問題。由寬流道板式換熱器的損壞原因來看,腐蝕是一個十分重要的原因，而且換熱器的腐蝕是大量的普遍存在的，能夠解決好腐蝕問題，就等于解決了換熱器損壞的根本。熱交換器價格在(zai)周圍介質的化(hua)學或電(dian)化(hua)學的作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下，并且經常是在(zai)和物(wu)(wu)理(li)、機械(xie)或生物(wu)(wu)學因素的共同作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下金屬(shu)產(chan)生的破壞(huai)，也即(ji)金屬(shu)在(zai)它(ta)所處環境的作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下所產(chan)生破壞(huai)。列管式換熱(re)器在(zai)制作(zuo)(zuo)時，管板(ban)與列管的焊(han)(han)接一般(ban)采用(yong)手(shou)工電(dian)弧焊(han)(han)，焊(han)(han)縫形狀(zhuang)存在(zai)不(bu)同程度(du)的缺陷，如(ru)凹陷、氣(qi)孔、夾渣等，焊(han)(han)縫應力(li)的分布也不(bu)均勻。

管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)把換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)(ban)連接后，再用筒體(ti)(ti)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱包(bao)起來，形(xing)成兩個獨立(li)的(de)(de)(de)空間。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)道(dao)(dao)及與(yu)其相貫(guan)(guan)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程；管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)道(dao)(dao)及與(yu)其相貫(guan)(guan)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分稱為殼(ke)(ke)程。一種流體(ti)(ti)在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內流動(dong)，而另一種流體(ti)(ti)在殼(ke)(ke)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)之(zhi)間從管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外表(biao)面流過(guo)，為了保證(zheng)殼(ke)(ke)程流體(ti)(ti)能(neng)(neng)夠橫向流過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)，以形(xing)成較高的(de)(de)(de)傳熱速率，在外殼(ke)(ke)上(shang)裝(zhuang)有許多擋(dang)板(ban)(ban)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)磨蝕(shi)(shi)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)主要原因管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在使用的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程中可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)發(fa)生失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)，常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)和(he)(he)磨蝕(shi)(shi)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)、傳熱能(neng)(neng)力下(xia)降(jiang)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)泄漏.以下(xia)是(shi)(shi)關于(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)官術失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)(ti)介紹(shao)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)現管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)(shu)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)情況(kuang)有哪(na)些?管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)失(shi)(shi)效(xiao)(xiao)大多數(shu)是(shi)(shi)由腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)引起的(de)(de)(de)。最常見(jian)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式(shi)(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)腐(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)部(bu)位(wei)是(shi)(shi)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),然后依次是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)(ban)、換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)封(feng)頭 及小直徑的(de)(de)(de)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。