管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)(shell and tube heat exchanger)又稱(cheng)(cheng)列(lie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)是以封(feng)閉(bi)在殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)中管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)的(de)壁面作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)面的(de)間壁式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)。這(zhe)種(zhong)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)結構較簡單，操(cao)作(zuo)可(ke)靠，可(ke)用各種(zhong)結構材料（主要是金屬材料）制造，能在高溫、高壓下使(shi)(shi)用，是目(mu)前應(ying)用廣的(de)類型。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)是怎樣運行(xing)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)(ke)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)由殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)、傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、折流(liu)(liu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)（擋(dang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)）和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱等(deng)部件組成。殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)多為(wei)(wei)圓(yuan)筒形(xing)，內(nei)(nei)部裝有管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)兩端(duan)固定在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上。進行(xing)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)的(de)冷熱(re)兩種(zhong)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)，一(yi)種(zhong)在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)內(nei)(nei)流(liu)(liu)動，稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)；另一(yi)種(zhong)在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)動，稱(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)殼(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)。為(wei)(wei)提高管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)的(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)分(fen)(fen)系數(shu)，通常在殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)內(nei)(nei)安(an)裝若(ruo)干(gan)擋(dang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。擋(dang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)可(ke)提高殼(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)速度，迫使(shi)(shi)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)按(an)(an)規定路程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)多次橫(heng)向(xiang)通過管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)，增強流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)湍(tuan)流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度。換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)在管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)上可(ke)按(an)(an)等(deng)邊三角(jiao)形(xing)或正方形(xing)排列(lie)。等(deng)邊三角(jiao)形(xing)排列(lie)較緊湊，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)湍(tuan)動程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度高，傳(chuan)(chuan)熱(re)分(fen)(fen)系數(shu)大；正方形(xing)排列(lie)則管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)清(qing)洗方便(bian)，適用于易結垢的(de)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)。

管殼式換熱器是石油化工行業的重要設備，陜西生活熱水設備哪家好它的腐蝕及保護對設備的長周期運行有著重要的意義；由于近年來加工原油中的硫、酸及雜質含量越來越高，對煉油換熱設備的防腐蝕性能及材料的選擇提出了更高的要求。文章對采用專用涂料與犧牲陽極綜合保護法進行了闡述，該方法工藝方案和特點是：管殼式換熱器的工藝方案和特點是什么表面處理要徹底，合理選取保護電流密度，按設計要求確定陽極塊，控制好濕度和溫度，涂料施工嚴格按照SHY－99涂料工藝進行，確保綜合防護的效果。生活熱水設備目前國(guo)內石油(you)、化(hua)纖(xian)、冶金、發電(dian)等企業的(de)冷換器設備經(jing)常(chang)由(you)于(yu)水垢(gou)、腐(fu)(fu)蝕產物和腐(fu)(fu)蝕物黏泥(ni)造成(cheng)冷換器堵塞，致傳熱系數下降，是冷卻水系統中常(chang)見的(de)問題(ti)。由(you)于(yu)碳酸鹽垢(gou)的(de)導(dao)熱系數只有(you)碳鋼的(de)1%左右，直接影(ying)響到(dao)了(le)換熱效率，增加了(le)系統的(de)壓(ya)力降。

換熱器板片(pian)(pian)拆開(kai)(kai)前,應丈(zhang)量(liang)板束的壓(ya)緊長度尺(chi)度,做好記(ji)錄(lu)(重裝時(shi)(shi)應按此(ci)尺(chi)度). b.密封墊(dian)片(pian)(pian)若(ruo)粘(zhan)在兩板片(pian)(pian)間的溝槽內,此(ci)刻需(xu)用(yong)螺絲刀小(xiao)心腸將其分隔,螺絲刀應先從易剝(bo)開(kai)(kai)的部位插入,然后沿其周(zhou)邊進行別離,切不可損壞換熱器板片(pian)(pian)和(he)密封墊(dian)片(pian)(pian) 替換新(xin)密封墊(dian)片(pian)(pian)時(shi)(shi),需(xu)要用(yong)丙酮(tong)或其他(ta)酮(tong)類有(you)機溶劑(ji),將密封墊(dian)片(pian)(pian)溝槽擦凈(jing).再用(yong)毛(mao)刷將合(he)成樹(shu)脂粘(zhan)接劑(ji)均勻涂在溝槽里..查看換熱器板片(pian)(pian)是否有(you)穿孔(kong),一般用(yong)5倍的放大鏡,有(you)時(shi)(shi)也可用(yong)燈火(huo)或火(huo)油滲透(tou)法等逐(zhu)片(pian)(pian)查看.e.假如發現介質出入口短管及(ji)通道有(you)雜物堆積,則(ze)闡(chan)明(ming)過濾器失效(xiao),應及(ji)時(shi)(shi)清洗.

回(hui)用性能的(de)檢(jian)驗和檢(jian)測。在懷疑有銹蝕(shi)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下對換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)及管道的(de)壁厚(hou)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)查;清(qing)(qing)除老(lao)化(hua)的(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)件，根據不同(tong)的(de)污(wu)垢，采(cai)用酸堿進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)化(hua)學(xue)清(qing)(qing)洗，被清(qing)(qing)洗零部件的(de)表(biao)面(mian)不會受到(dao)化(hua)學(xue)介質(zhi)的(de)腐蝕(shi)侵害;還(huan)要(yao)著重(zhong)(zhong)檢(jian)查密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)槽的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)，必(bi)要(yao)時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)修整(zheng);五(wu)是對于粘(zhan)接式(shi)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)墊，將徹(che)底清(qing)(qing)除殘留的(de)物質(zhi)，使(shi)用調和式(shi)粘(zhan)接膠重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)粘(zhan)接，重(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)組(zu)合(he)的(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)片(pian)組(zu)在專用夾具中(zhong)夾緊，使(shi)粘(zhan)接劑固化(hua)，在保(bao)(bao)溫爐中(zhong)加熱(re)(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)溫，以(yi)達到(dao)粘(zhan)接效果。如果沒有備用的(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)墊，必(bi)須從整(zheng)個板式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)組(zu)中(zhong)取下受損密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)墊兩側的(de)散熱(re)(re)(re)(re)片(pian)，然(ran)后對剩余散熱(re)(re)(re)(re)片(pian)的(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)墊結合(he)面(mian)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)(xing)檢(jian)查。必(bi)須嚴格按照(zhao)使(shi)用說(shuo)明書(shu)中(zhong)的(de)要(yao)求安裝剩余的(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)片(pian)，為(wei)了保(bao)(bao)證剩余的(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)有足(zu)夠的(de)應力(li)以(yi)抵抗負載(zai)，必(bi)須將原來(lai)各(ge)片(pian)允許承受的(de)應力(li)乘(cheng)以(yi)原來(lai)的(de)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)片(pian)數(shu)(shu)，所得(de)的(de)積再除以(yi)當(dang)前(qian)剩余換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)片(pian)數(shu)(shu)，得(de)到(dao)現在每個換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)片(pian)必(bi)須承受的(de)組(zu)裝應力(li)數(shu)(shu)值。